2025 10월 고2 모의고사 29번 구문분석 어휘정리 어법선택문제

날짜:

 

[29번 지문 분석]

1. 문장 구조 분석 (내신 핵심 문법 중심)

(1) When a cell divides, the genomes of its two daughters are often not quite identical to each other or to that of the parent cell.
→ When S + V : 시간 부사절.
→ the genomes ... are not quite identical to ~ : 비교 구문 (be identical to : ~와 동일하다).
→ to that of the parent cell : that = genome, 앞선 명사를 대신하는 대용어.
어휘: divide (분열하다), genome (유전체), identical (동일한), parent cell (모세포)

(2) On rare occasions, the error may represent a change for the better; more probably, it will cause no significant difference in the cell’s prospects.
→ On rare occasions : 부사구 (가끔은).
→ represent a change for the better : “더 나은 변화를 나타내다.”
→ it will cause no significant difference : 부정어 no + 형용사 + 명사 (“중대한 차이를 일으키지 않다”).
어휘: occasion (경우), represent (나타내다), significant (중대한), prospect (전망)

(3) But in some cases, the error will cause serious damage; for example, by disrupting the coding sequence for a key protein.
→ by disrupting ~ : 전치사 + 동명사 구조 (“~함으로써”).
→ coding sequence for a key protein : 형용사구 수식 구조.
어휘: disrupt (손상시키다), sequence (서열), protein (단백질)

(4) Changes due to mistakes of the first type will tend to be perpetuated, because the altered cell has an increased likelihood of reproducing itself.
→ due to + 명사 : “~로 인한.”
→ tend to + 동사원형 : “~하는 경향이 있다.”
→ because S + V : 이유 부사절.
→ reproducing itself : 재귀대명사 + 동명사 (자기 복제).
어휘: due to (~때문에), perpetuate (영속시키다), altered (변화된), likelihood (가능성)

(5) Changes due to mistakes of the second type ― neutral changes ― may be perpetuated or not: it is a matter of chance whether the altered cell or its cousins will succeed.
→ ― neutral changes ― : 삽입 강조 (동격 설명).
→ a matter of chance : “우연의 문제.”
→ whether A or B : 명사절 접속사 (둘 중 무엇이 ~인지).
어휘: neutral (중립적인), cousin (유사한 것, 동류), succeed (성공하다)

(6) But changes that cause serious damage lead nowhere: the cell that suffers them dies, leaving no progeny.
→ that cause / that suffers : 관계사절 (changes / cell 수식).
→ leaving no progeny : 분사구문 (결과).
어휘: lead nowhere (아무 성과가 없다), suffer (겪다), progeny (자손)

(7) Through endless repetition of this cycle of mutation and natural selection organisms evolve:
→ Through + 명사 : “~을 통해.”
→ mutation and natural selection : 병렬 구조.
어휘: mutation (돌연변이), selection (선택)

(8) their genetic specifications change, sometimes giving organisms new ways to exploit the environment more effectively, to survive in competition with others, and to reproduce successfully.
→ giving ~, to survive ~, and to reproduce ~ : 분사구문 + to부정사 병렬.
→ exploit the environment : “환경을 이용하다.”
어휘: specification (특성), exploit (활용하다), reproduce (번식하다)

2. 문법 포인트 요약

  • 비교 표현 : identical to / to that of ~

  • 전치사 + 동명사 : by disrupting / through repetition

  • 분사구문 : leaving no progeny / giving organisms new ways

  • 관계사절 : that cause / that suffers

  • 명사절 whether : whether the altered cell or its cousins will succeed

  • 가정 표현 : tend to + V

  • 병렬 구조 : to exploit, to survive, and to reproduce

  • 전치사구 강조 : On rare occasions / In some cases / Through endless repetition

3. 괄호 넣기 변형 문제

다음 괄호 안에서 문맥상 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(출제 포인트: 비교, 관계사절, 분사구문, 동명사, 병렬 구조)

(1) The genomes of daughter cells are not quite identical (to / with) that of the parent cell.
(2) Some errors may cause serious damage (by / for) disrupting the coding sequence.
(3) Changes that (cause / causing) damage lead nowhere.
(4) The altered cell reproduces itself, (leaving / leaves) no progeny.
(5) Organisms evolve (through / by) endless repetition of mutation and selection.


정답 및 해설
(1) to — be identical to (~와 동일하다).
(2) by — 전치사 + 동명사 구조 (by + V-ing).
(3) cause — 관계사절 내 주격동사.
(4) leaving — 분사구문 (결과 표현).
(5) through — 수단·경로를 나타내는 전치사.


#2025 #10월 #고2 #모의고사 #10모 #29번 #구문분석 #어휘정리 #어법선택문제 #무료자료 #변형문제

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