2025 10월 고2 모의고사 23번 구문분석 어휘정리 어법선택문제

날짜:

 

[23번 지문 분석]

1. 문장 구조 분석 (내신 핵심 문법 중심)

(1) We can discard or replace a scientific theory only if we have a better way of explaining the evidence that supports it.
→ only if S + V : 조건 부사절 (if 강조).
→ of explaining the evidence : 전치사 of + 동명사 구조.
→ that supports it : 관계사절 (the evidence 수식).
어휘: discard (버리다), replace (대체하다), evidence (증거), support (지지하다)

(2) The theories of Newton and Einstein offer great examples.
→ of Newton and Einstein : 소유 관계 표현.
→ 단문이지만 핵심 개념 제시.
어휘: theory (이론), example (예시)

(3) A vast body of evidence supports Newton’s theory of gravity, but by the late nineteenth century scientists had begun to discover cases where its predictions did not perfectly match observations.
→ A vast body of evidence supports ~ : “방대한 증거가 ~을 뒷받침한다.”
→ had begun to discover : 과거완료 (시점 차이 강조).
→ where its predictions did not perfectly match observations : 관계부사절 (cases 수식).
어휘: vast (방대한), prediction (예측), observation (관찰)

(4) These discrepancies were explained only when Einstein developed his general theory of relativity, which was able to match the observations.
→ only when ~ : 조건/시간 부사절 (강조 구조).
→ which was able to match ~ : 관계대명사절 (theory 수식).
어휘: discrepancy (불일치), relativity (상대성 이론), match (일치하다)

(5) Still, the many successes of Newton’s theory could not be ignored, and Einstein’s theory would not have gained acceptance if it had not been able to explain these successes equally well.
→ would not have p.p. if S had not p.p. : 가정법 과거완료.
→ equally well : “동등하게 잘.”
어휘: gain acceptance (인정받다), success (성과), ignore (무시하다)

(6) It did, and that is why we now view Einstein’s theory as a broader theory of gravity than Newton’s theory.
→ It did : 대조·강조를 위한 대동사 구조.
→ as A than B : 비교급 구문 (broader than ~).
어휘: view A as B (~로 여기다), broad (폭넓은)

(7) Some scientists today are seeking a theory of gravity that will go beyond Einstein’s.
→ that will go beyond Einstein’s : 관계사절 (theory 수식).
어휘: seek (추구하다), go beyond (~을 넘어가다)

(8) If any new theory ever gains acceptance, it will have to match all the successes of Einstein’s theory as well as work in new realms where Einstein’s theory does not.
→ will have to + 동사원형 : 의무, 필요 표현.
→ as well as : “뿐만 아니라.”
→ where Einstein’s theory does not : 관계부사절 (realm 수식).
어휘: realm (영역), gain acceptance (인정받다), as well as (뿐만 아니라)

2. 문법 포인트 요약

  • 조건 부사절 : only if / if

  • 관계사절 : that supports it / which was able to match / where Einstein’s theory does not

  • 가정법 과거완료 : would not have gained … if it had not been able …

  • 비교급 구조 : as a broader theory … than Newton’s

  • 전치사 + 동명사 : of explaining, of gravity

  • 수동태 : were explained

  • as well as : 병렬 표현

  • will have to : 의무 표현 (미래 시제)

3. 괄호 넣기 변형 문제

다음 괄호 안에서 문맥상 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(출제 포인트: 조건절, 관계사절, 가정법, 비교급, 전치사구)

(1) We can replace a theory only (if / when) we have a better explanation.
(2) Scientists had begun to discover cases (where / which) predictions did not match.
(3) Einstein’s theory would not have gained acceptance (if / unless) it had not explained these successes.
(4) We now view Einstein’s theory as (a broad / a broader) theory than Newton’s.
(5) Any new theory will have to match Einstein’s successes (as well as / as if) work in new realms.


정답 및 해설
(1) if — 조건 부사절 (only if ~ : 오직 ~할 때만).
(2) where — 장소·상황을 나타내는 관계부사.
(3) if — 가정법 과거완료 조건절.
(4) a broader — 비교급 표현 (than 이하 비교 기준).
(5) as well as — 병렬 연결 (“뿐만 아니라”).


#2025 #10월 #고2 #모의고사 #10모 #23번 #구문분석 #어휘정리 #어법선택문제 #무료자료 #변형문제

댓글

댓글 쓰기