[32번 지문 분석]

1. 문장 구조 분석 (내신 핵심 문법 중심)

(1) The technical term often used to describe animals’ judgement of numbers is the approximate number system.
→ often used to describe~ : 과거분사구로 term을 수식 (수동적 의미).
→ is the approximate number system : 보어 구조.
어휘: term (용어), describe (묘사하다), judgement (판단), approximate (대략적인)

(2) What it does not provide is precision.
→ What S + V : 명사절 주어 (“그것이 제공하지 않는 것”).
→ is precision : 보어 구조로 강조 (“정확성이다”).
어휘: precision (정확성)

(3) It shows ― and this is the same in every species tested ― a characteristic pattern of errors, with discrimination becoming less accurate as the quantities get bigger.
→ ― and this is the same... ― : 삽입절 구조, 보충 설명.
→ with + 명사 + 분사 : 부대상황 표현 (“~하면서”).
어휘: species (종), characteristic (특징적인), discrimination (식별)

(4) Rhesus monkeys can tell one from two, two from three, three from four, four from five ... but start to fail from five upwards.
→ can tell A from B : “A와 B를 구별하다”.
→ start to fail from five upwards : “5 이상부터 실패하기 시작한다.”
어휘: rhesus monkey (붉은털원숭이), upwards (이상으로)

(5) Rats that learned to press a lever a given number of times, from four up to twenty-four, became markedly less and less precise in their responses as the number increased: by the top end of the range they would merely produce a spread of numbers around the target.
→ that learned to press... : 관계사절이 rats 수식.
→ less and less : 점점 더 ~하지 않은 (비교급 반복).
→ would produce : 과거 습관 표현.
어휘: lever (지렛대), response (반응), range (범위), spread (분포)

(6) It is a common observation that when testing the accuracy of animals’ number sense, the size of the numbers matters.
→ It is a common observation that S + V : 가주어 it 구문 (“~라는 것은 흔한 관찰이다”).
→ matters : 자동사 (“중요하다”).
어휘: observation (관찰), accuracy (정확도), matter (중요하다)

2. 문법 포인트 요약

  • 과거분사 수식구 : term often used to describe~ (수동 의미)

  • 명사절 주어 (What S + V) : What it does not provide is precision.

  • with + 명사 + 분사 : 부대상황 (ex. with discrimination becoming less accurate)

  • 비교급 반복 : less and less precise (점점 덜 정확한)

  • It is a common observation that... : 가주어 구문

  • 자동사 matter : “중요하다”의 의미 강조

3. 괄호 넣기 변형 문제

다음 괄호 안에서 문맥상 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(출제 포인트: 명사절 주어, 분사 수식, 비교급, 자동사, 부대상황 표현)

(1) The term (using / used) to describe animals’ number judgement is the approximate number system.
(2) What it does not (provides / provide) is precision.
(3) Discrimination becomes (less / fewer) accurate as the quantities get bigger.
(4) Rats (learned / learning) to press a lever became less precise as the number increased.
(5) It is a common observation that the size of the numbers (matter / matters).


정답 및 해설
(1) used — 과거분사로 term을 수식(“묘사하는 데 사용된 용어”).
(2) provide — does not + 동사원형 구조.
(3) less — 형용사 accurate를 수식하므로 비교 부사.
(4) learned — 관계사절로서 시제 일치 (과거).
(5) matters — 3인칭 단수 주어 size에 수일치.


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