[29번 지문 분석]

1. 문장 구조 분석 (내신 핵심 문법 중심)

(1) Human beings have evolved to make the most of the resources available to them in ways that are subtle and complicated.
→ have evolved to + 동사원형 : 목적 표현 (“~하기 위해 진화해왔다”).
→ the resources available to them : 형용사 available이 resources를 수식 (“그들에게 이용 가능한 자원”).
→ in ways that are subtle and complicated : 관계사절로 ways 수식.
어휘: evolve (진화하다), subtle (미묘한), complicated (복잡한), resource (자원)

(2) When we change our diets, especially when we do so quickly, we are effectively conducting huge experiments in nutrition.
→ when절 (시간) + especially when (부사절 강조).
→ do so : 앞의 동사 change our diets를 대신.
→ are conducting : 현재진행, “현재 진행 중인 실험”.
어휘: conduct (수행하다), effectively (사실상), nutrition (영양)

(3) We ought to have more humility.
→ ought to + 동사원형 : “~해야 한다”.
→ 단순조언/의무 표현.
어휘: humility (겸손), ought to (~해야 한다)

(4) Nutritional science is still young and there is so much we do not know.
→ there is + 명사 + 관계절 : 존재구문 + 내용보충.
→ so much we do not know : that we do not know에서 that 생략.
어휘: nutritional (영양의), still (여전히), much (~많은 것)

(5) If we have eaten certain foods in certain ways for millennia, we should assume until it is proven otherwise that there is probably a good reason why.
→ If S + have p.p. : 현재완료 가정절, 과거부터 현재까지 지속된 사실 전제.
→ until it is proven otherwise : 조건부 문장 (“그 반대가 증명될 때까지”).
→ why : 관계부사절, reason 수식.
어휘: millennia (수천 년), assume (~라고 가정하다), otherwise (그렇지 않다면)

(6) Traditional foods that don’t fit neatly on the contemporary dietary food plate should generally be chosen over highly processed ones that do.
→ that don’t fit neatly on... : 관계사절로 foods 수식.
→ be chosen over A : “A보다 선택되다”.
어휘: contemporary (현대의), processed (가공된), neatly (깔끔하게)

(7) We should assume that traditionally made fatty blood sausages are preferable to lean, factory-made salamis; that spoonfuls of honey are superior to sprinkles of sweeteners.
→ 병렬 구조: that A are preferable to B; that C are superior to D.
→ preferable to / superior to : 비교급이지만 than이 아닌 to 사용.
어휘: preferable (더 나은), superior (우수한), sausage (소시지), sweetener (감미료)

(8) Witnessing how poorly traditional societies are faring as they undergo a nutrition transition should make those who have already completed it question whether their diets have moved too far.
→ witnessing ~ should make A B : 사역 동사 make + 목적어 + 원형동사 구조.
→ those who have already completed it : 관계사절로 those 수식.
→ question whether : “~인지 의문을 제기하다”.
어휘: witness (목격하다), fare (살아가다, 잘 지내다), transition (전환), undergo (겪다)

2. 문법 포인트 요약

  • 형용사 + 관계사절 수식 : resources available to them, ways that are subtle...

  • do so 대용 표현 : 앞선 동사구 반복 피하기

  • 비교표현 : preferable to, superior to → than이 아니라 to

  • 사역동사 make + 목적어 + 원형 : make those ... question whether~

  • until + 수동태 : until it is proven otherwise

  • 현재완료 가정절 : 과거 경험이 현재 판단에 영향

3. 괄호 넣기 변형 문제

다음 괄호 안에서 문맥상 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(출제 포인트: 관계사절, 비교표현, 사역동사, do so, 가정절 시제)

(1) Human beings have evolved (to make / making) the most of the resources available to them.
(2) When we change our diets, especially when we (do / do so) quickly, we conduct experiments in nutrition.
(3) Traditional foods should be chosen (than / over) highly processed ones.
(4) Witnessing the nutrition transition should (make / makes) people question their diets.
(5) We should assume until it (proves / is proven) otherwise that there is a good reason.


정답 및 해설
(1) to make — to부정사 목적 표현.
(2) do so — ‘change our diets’의 대용 표현.
(3) over — 비교 대상 표현 “A over B”(=A rather than B).
(4) make — 사역동사 + 목적어 + 원형.
(5) is proven — 수동태 (증명되다).


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