[24번 지문 분석]

1. 문장 구조 분석 (내신 핵심 문법 중심)

(1) The laws and constants of physics and the fundamental forces in our universe have very precise forms and values.
→ 복합주어 구조 (The laws and constants ... and the fundamental forces ...).
→ have + 명사 : 소유/존재 의미.
→ precise : 형용사가 forms and values를 수식.
어휘: constant (상수), fundamental (근본적인), precise (정밀한), force (힘)

(2) This means that, if they were only very slightly different, life would not have been possible.
→ means that S+V : “~라는 것을 의미하다.”
→ if + 과거, 주절 would have p.p. → 가정법 과거완료 혼합형(현재 사실의 반대).
어휘: slightly (약간), possible (가능한)

(3) For instance, the precise value of gravity has enabled our universe to arise by permitting the aggregation of dust and gas particles to proto-stars around which planets later came to orbit, including the Earth around the Sun.
→ has enabled A to B : “A가 B하도록 가능하게 하다.”
→ by permitting ... : 전치사 + 동명사 → 수단의 부사구.
→ around which planets later came to orbit : 관계부사 around which → 전치사+관계사절 구조.
어휘: enable (가능하게 하다), aggregation (응집), proto-star (원시항성), orbit (궤도 돌다)

(4) If the value of the electron had been ever so slightly larger or smaller, chemistry, as we know it, would not have been possible and life, which is based on organic chemistry, could not have started.
→ 가정법 과거완료 (had been ~, would not have been / could not have started).
→ as we know it : “우리가 알고 있는 바와 같이” 삽입구.
→ which is based on organic chemistry : 관계대명사절(삽입).
어휘: electron (전자), organic chemistry (유기화학), as we know it (우리가 아는 한)

(5) The universe was not designed for us to evolve, we have no privileged position in the universe; however, the laws and constants of physics allowed advanced life to evolve.
→ 두 개의 독립절이 세미콜론(;)으로 연결됨.
→ for us to evolve : 목적/대상 표현의 for + 목적어 + to부정사.
→ allowed A to B : A가 B하도록 허용하다.
어휘: design (설계하다), privileged (특권이 있는), evolve (진화하다)

2. 문법 포인트 요약

  • 가정법 과거완료 : if they were... life would not have been possible

  • 분사구문 : by permitting... (수단의 의미)

  • 관계사절 : around which planets came to orbit / which is based on...

  • 세미콜론(;) 연결절 : 두 독립절의 의미적 병렬

  • for + 목적어 + to부정사 : 행위의 주체를 명확히 함 (for us to evolve)

3. 괄호 넣기 변형 문제

다음 괄호 안에서 문맥상 알맞은 것을 고르시오.
(출제 포인트: 가정법, 분사구문, 관계사절, 전치사+관계사, for-to부정사 구조)

(1) If the laws of physics (were / had been) slightly different, life would not have been possible.
(2) Gravity has enabled the universe to arise (by permit / by permitting) the aggregation of dust and gas.
(3) Planets came to orbit (which / around which) proto-stars formed.
(4) Life, (is based / which is based) on organic chemistry, could not have started.
(5) The universe was not designed (to us evolve / for us to evolve).


정답 및 해설
(1) were — 가정법 현재(현재 사실의 반대) 구조.
(2) by permitting — 전치사 + 동명사 구조(수단).
(3) around which — 전치사 + 관계사절 (궤도를 도는 위치 표현).
(4) which is based — 관계대명사절 삽입 구조.
(5) for us to evolve — 행위 주체(us)를 나타내는 for-to부정사 구문.


#2025 #10월 #고1 #모의고사 #10모 #24번 #구문분석 #어휘정리 #어법선택문제 #무료자료 #변형문제